Innovación tecnológica en España: un análisis basado en patentes de la Oficina de Patentes y Marcas de Estados Unidos (1976 - 2019)

Contenido principal del artículo

Lisset Rocío Medina-Moreno
Santiago Manuel López-García

Resumen

Las empresas son actores relevantes en la investigación y el desarrollo y, cada vez más, en la innovación. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la innovación tecnológica y el stock de patentes de las empresas españolas en el largo plazo. Se analiza específicamente esa área de innovación que las empresas protegen mediante el registro de patentes y que posiblemente genera el mayor valor añadido en la economía española. Se realizó un análisis basado en estadísticas descriptivas utilizando datos de la base de datos de la Oficina de Patentes y Marcas de los Estados Unidos (USPTO), que abarca más de 40 años, desde 1976 hasta 2019. El enfoque del artículo es identificar los altos acervos de conocimiento, medidos por patentes, en un camino específico dado que es una clave de un comportamiento empresarial de innovación inteligente. Los resultados clave incluyen que la propensión a patentar por parte de las empresas españolas sigue siendo baja. Encontramos que cuando consideramos todo el stock de patentes, las empresas más pequeñas aún mantienen un patrón de amplia dispersión y representan un volumen importante de innovaciones, sin embargo, las grandes empresas concentran muchas patentes en sectores muy concretos.

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Cómo citar
Medina-Moreno, L. R., & López-García, S. M. (2023). Innovación tecnológica en España: un análisis basado en patentes de la Oficina de Patentes y Marcas de Estados Unidos (1976 - 2019). INNOVA Research Journal, 8(3), 71–91. https://doi.org/10.33890/innova.v8.n3.2023.2298
Sección
Empresa e innovación
Biografía del autor/a

Lisset Rocío Medina-Moreno, Universidad de Madrid, Universidad de los Llanos

Lisset Medina, Doctora en Economía y Gestión de la Innovación por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Máster en Economía y Gestión de la Innovación por la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid y Especialista en Ambiente y Desarrollo Local por la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Es investigadora asociada al Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales (ICEI) y miembro del grupo de investigación Gestión y Desarrollo Organizacional (GYDO) avalado por la Universidad de los Llanos. Ha participado como autora en diversas publicaciones y en proyectos de investigación a nivel nacional e internacional. La internacionalización de la tecnología, las patentes y la innovación son sus principales temas de investigación.

Santiago Manuel López-García, Instituto de Estudios de la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Universidad de Salamanca, España

Santiago M. López, Doctor en Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, es Director del Instituto de Estudios de la Ciencia y la Tecnología de la Universidad de Salamanca (USAL). Es el Presidente de la Asociación Española de Historia Económica y miembro de la Unidad Consolidada de Investigación (acreditación ganada en 2016) especializada en historia de la política científica de la Junta de Castilla y León. Sus principales líneas de investigación son el cambio tecnológico, innovación, historia económica y los estudios de ciencia, tecnología.

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