Producción e impacto del biodiesel: una revisión
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Los gases de combustión generados por el uso de combustibles fósiles, son la fuente principal de los problemas ambientales de la actualidad; el sector del transporte es a nivel mundial, uno de los principales precursores de daños ambientales, incidiendo significativamente en las ciudades más pobladas. Los biocombustibles son una alternativa que ha despertado una especial atención en gobiernos e instituciones por la significativa reducción de emisiones nocivas emanadas de los motores de combustión interna. El Ecuador, es uno de los países de América que no cumplen con los parámetros de calidad del aire dado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, donde el transporte es el sector de mayor incidencia; los biocombustibles y sus mezclas son una alternativa para minimizar estos daños al ambiente y a la salud. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una valoración del uso del biodiesel en el Ecuador, mediante la revisión documental desde sus materias primas, producción y uso para la recopilación de evidencias y evaluación de posibilidades de implementación de los biocombustibles a mayor escala. Se puede constatar que el mismo puede ser obtenido de diversas fuentes, y que su empleo en MCI en forma de mezclas con diésel, permite una disminución de las emisiones.
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